～（さ）せられる
be made to do
The causative-passive chains the causative せる／させる and the passive られる together. The result means “be made to do”. The subject is the person who ends up doing the action, and the one who forced them is marked with に.
It almost always carries a flavor of reluctance. You did it, but it was not your idea.
1. Being forced to do something
The full form is verb + させられる (or せられる for godan verbs), and the forcer takes に.
子供のとき、母に野菜を食べさせられた。
“When I was a child, my mother made me eat vegetables.”
- 子供（こども）= child
- の = connecting particle
- とき = time / when
- 母（はは）= mother
- に = marks who made you do it (by)
- 野菜（やさい）= vegetables
- を = object marker
- 食べさせられた（たべさせられた）= was made to eat
2. The short form ～される
In speech, godan verbs usually shorten ～せられる to ～される: 行かされる “be made to go”.
友達に一時間も待たされた。
“My friend made me wait a whole hour.”
- 友達（ともだち）= friend
- に = marks who made you do it (by)
- 一時間（いちじかん）= one hour
- も = emphasis marker (as much as)
- 待たされた（またされた）= was made to wait
How to form it
Take the causative form ending in せる／させる and replace the final る with られる. For godan verbs, speech prefers the short form: a-row sound + される, not available for verbs ending in す, like 話す.
- 行く（いく）= to go → 行かせられる（いかせられる）= be made to go
- 話す（はなす）= to speak → 話させられる（はなさせられる）= be made to speak (no short form)
- 食べる（たべる）= to eat → 食べさせられる（たべさせられる）= be made to eat
- する = to do → させられる = be made to do
- 来る（くる）= to come → 来させられる（こさせられる）= be made to come
- 飲む（のむ）= to drink → 飲まされる（のまされる）= be made to drink (short form)
Key idea
～（さ）せられる tells the story from the viewpoint of the person with no choice: someone (marked に) had the power, and you ended up doing the action, usually unwillingly.
Built on the same stem
Updated .